Gaming on a TV: HDMI 2.1, 120 Hz and VRR explained

Current consoles and gaming PCs can output smoother, sharper images than many TVs can display. These features decide whether you see the difference.

120 Hz refresh rate

A 120 Hz TV can show up to 120 frames per second, twice as many as a 60 Hz TV. Games that support 120 fps feel noticeably smoother and more responsive.

HDMI 2.1

To carry 4K at 120 Hz, you need HDMI 2.1 on both the TV and the console, plus a cable that supports it (usually labelled Ultra High Speed). Many TVs have only one or two HDMI 2.1 ports — check which one and plug the console into it.

VRR (Variable Refresh Rate)

Games don't always run at a steady frame rate. Without VRR, drops cause stutter or tearing, where parts of two frames appear at once. VRR lets the TV match its refresh to the game in real time, keeping motion smooth.

ALLM (Auto Low Latency Mode)

ALLM automatically switches the TV to Game Mode when a console is detected, reducing input lag without digging through menus.

Input lag

Input lag is the delay between pressing a button and seeing the result. In Game Mode, a good gaming TV keeps it low enough to feel instant. Reviews that measure input lag are worth checking if you play fast games.

HDR gaming

Many modern games support HDR for brighter highlights. The TV's brightness and contrast determine how much benefit you see.

The bottom line

For a current-generation console, look for a 120 Hz panel, at least one HDMI 2.1 port, VRR and ALLM — and use the right port and cable.